Sudan Histomap خريطة تاريخ السودان

Chapters › Funj & Darfur Sultanates · Egypt

Ottoman Egypt & Muhammad Ali dynasty

1517 CE – 1882 CE Arabic under review

Approximate area of control ≈ approximate

  1. OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2921538 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1517–1830), CC0 1.0; no source tag [low]
    Geometry: OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2921538 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1517–1830), CC0 1.0; no source tag
    Sources: UNESCO International Scientific Committee General History of Africa, V: Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century; H.A. Ibrahim (with B.A. Ogot) The Sudan in the nineteenth century (General History of Africa VI, ch.14); Wikipedia contributors Muhammad Ali dynasty
  2. OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2951102 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1830–1840), CC0 1.0; no source tag [low]
    Geometry: OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2951102 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1830–1840), CC0 1.0; no source tag
    Sources: UNESCO International Scientific Committee General History of Africa, V: Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century; H.A. Ibrahim (with B.A. Ogot) The Sudan in the nineteenth century (General History of Africa VI, ch.14); Wikipedia contributors Muhammad Ali dynasty
  3. OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2951103 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1840–1867), CC0 1.0; no source tag [low]
    Geometry: OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2951103 "Eyalet of Egypt" (1840–1867), CC0 1.0; no source tag
    Sources: UNESCO International Scientific Committee General History of Africa, V: Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century; H.A. Ibrahim (with B.A. Ogot) The Sudan in the nineteenth century (General History of Africa VI, ch.14); Wikipedia contributors Muhammad Ali dynasty
  4. OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2690836 "Khedivate of Egypt" (1867–1899-01), CC0 1.0; no source tag [low]
    Geometry: OpenHistoricalMap contributors, relation 2690836 "Khedivate of Egypt" (1867–1899-01), CC0 1.0; no source tag
    Sources: UNESCO International Scientific Committee General History of Africa, V: Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century; H.A. Ibrahim (with B.A. Ogot) The Sudan in the nineteenth century (General History of Africa VI, ch.14); Wikipedia contributors Muhammad Ali dynasty

Key events

Capitals / sites

Cairo

Geopolitics

After 1517, Upper Egypt south of Asyut was left to the Hawwara shaykhs. Around the mid-16th century, Özdemir Pasha reoccupied Ibrim, Aswan and Say with Bosnian garrisons and created the province of Berberistan under a kashif; in 1557 he took Massawa (GHA V ch.6, pp.142, 145). Sultan Bukr of Darfur obtained weapons and firearms from Cairo (GHA V ch.7, p.188). Muhammad Ali sent his army into the Sudan in 1820–3, 'with the ultimate objective of occupying Ethiopia' (GHA VI ch.13, p.329). The Sudan was Egyptian 'only in the sense that it was a dependency of the Ottoman province of Egypt' (GHA VI ch.14, p.356).

Culture

Through Sennar, Ethiopians 'obtained new bishops from Egypt', and European missionaries reached Ethiopia along the same route (GHA V ch.7, p.178). Pilgrims and scholars also travelled these long-distance routes (p.181). Under Turco-Egyptian rule, senior posts went to Turkish-speakers, not Egyptians, so Sudanese called their rulers 'Turks' (GHA VI ch.14, p.356).

Economy

A caravan left Sennar for Egypt twice a year via Dongola and Salima to Asyut. At Salima it joined the Darb al-Arba'in (Forty Days Road), 'the main artery of Fur trade to Egypt' (GHA V ch.7, pp.181, 183). Muhammad Ali wanted Sudanese recruits for his new army and urged ghazwas (slave raids), but the supply 'ran short of the demand' (GHA VI ch.14, p.359). He also searched for gold around Fazughli, without success (p.361).

Regional power

Research in progress We have not yet read a source for this section. It will be added once one is checked; nothing is filled in by guesswork.

Open data flags

Sources

  1. R. Veselý (1992) The Ottoman conquest of Egypt, ch.6 (General History of Africa V) UNESCO / Heinemann / University of California Press link [en]
  2. Y.F. Hasan and B.A. Ogot (1992) The Sudan, 1500–1800, ch.7 (General History of Africa V) UNESCO / Heinemann / University of California Press link [en]
  3. A. Abdel-Malek (1989) The renaissance of Egypt, 1805–81, ch.13 (General History of Africa VI) UNESCO / Heinemann / University of California Press link [en]
  4. H.A. Ibrahim (with B.A. Ogot) The Sudan in the nineteenth century (General History of Africa VI, ch.14) UNESCO link [en]
  5. UNESCO International Scientific Committee General History of Africa, V: Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century UNESCO link [en]
  6. Wikipedia contributors Muhammad Ali dynasty Wikipedia link [en]

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