Era wiki

All eras, one page each, with sources and data gaps. · 13 of 68 in progress

• Khartoum Mesolithic (Early Khartoum)Sudan – Middle Nile · 8500 BCE – 5000 BCE
• Khartoum Neolithic (Shaheinab)Sudan – Middle Nile · 4900 BCE – 3800 BCE
• A-Group (Lower Nubia)Sudan – Middle Nile · 3800 BCE – 2900 BCE
• Early Dynastic & Old Kingdom EgyptEgypt · 3100 BCE – 2181 BCE
• Kingdom of KermaSudan – Middle Nile · 2450 BCE – 1480 BCE
• C-Group (Lower Nubia)Sudan – Middle Nile · 2400 BCE – 1550 BCE
• Middle Kingdom EgyptEgypt · 2055 BCE – 1650 BCE
• New Kingdom EgyptEgypt · 1550 BCE – 1070 BCE
• Egyptian New Kingdom rule in NubiaSudan – Middle Nile · 1500 BCE – 1070 BCE
• Sabaean & South Arabian kingdomsRed Sea & Arabia · 1000 BCE – 275 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Land of Punt / D'mtEthiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 980 BCE – 400 BCE Regional context · research in progress
• Kingdom of Kush – Napatan periodSudan – Middle Nile · 800 BCE – 270 BCE
• Late Period / Persian EgyptEgypt · 664 BCE – 332 BCE
• Garamantes (Fezzan)Chad & Central Sahara · 500 BCE – 700 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Ptolemaic EgyptEgypt · 305 BCE – 30 BCE
• Kingdom of Kush – Meroitic periodSudan – Middle Nile · 270 BCE – 350 CE
• Roman & Byzantine EgyptEgypt · 30 BCE – 641 CE
• Kingdom of AksumEthiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 100 CE – 940 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Beja (Red Sea Hills peoples)Red Sea & Arabia · 275 CE – present
• Noba / X-Group (Ballana culture)Sudan – Middle Nile · 350 CE – 550 CE
• NobadiaSudan – Middle Nile · 400 CE – 700 CE
• Alodia (Alwa)Sudan – Middle Nile · 500 CE – 1504 CE
• MakuriaSudan – Middle Nile · 500 CE – 1500 CE
• Rise of Islam & CaliphatesRed Sea & Arabia · 610 CE – 1258 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Islamic Egypt (Rashidun–Fatimid–Ayyubid)Egypt · 641 CE – 1250 CE
• Kanem EmpireChad & Central Sahara · 700 CE – 1380 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Zagwe dynastyEthiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 900 CE – 1270 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Daju kingdomSudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1100 CE – 1400 CE
• Suakin – Red Sea port (Beja, Ottoman)Red Sea & Arabia · 1100 CE – 1922 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Mamluk SultanateEgypt · 1250 CE – 1517 CE
• Ethiopian Empire (Solomonic)Ethiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 1270 CE – 1974 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Bornu EmpireChad & Central Sahara · 1380 CE – 1893 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Tunjur kingdomSudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1400 CE – 1650 CE
• 'Abdallab chiefdom (Funj vassal)Sudan – Middle Nile · 1480 CE – 1821 CE
• Shilluk KingdomSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 1490 CE – 1861 CE
• Anuak (Anywaa) communitiesSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 1500 CE – present
• Dinka (Jieng) communitiesSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 1500 CE – present
• Ja'aliyyin kingdom (Sa'dab, Funj vassal)Sudan – Middle Nile · 1500 CE – 1821 CE
• Nuer (Naath) communitiesSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 1500 CE – present
• Funj Sultanate of SennarSudan – Middle Nile · 1504 CE – 1821 CE
• Ottoman Egypt & Muhammad Ali dynastyEgypt · 1517 CE – 1882 CE
• Ottoman Hejaz & Saudi stateRed Sea & Arabia · 1517 CE – present Regional context · research in progress
• Libya (Ottoman, Italian, independent)Chad & Central Sahara · 1551 CE – present
• Wadai SultanateChad & Central Sahara · 1635 CE – 1912 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Sultanate of Darfur (Keira)Sudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1650 CE – 1874 CE
• Musabba'at sultanate (Kordofan)Sudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1680 CE – 1785 CE
• Zande kingdomsCentral Africa (CAR/Congo border) · 1700 CE – 1905 CE Regional context · research in progress
• Kingdom of TaqaliSudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1750 CE – 1969 CE
• Turkiyya (Ottoman-Egyptian rule)Sudan – Middle Nile · 1821 CE – 1885 CE
• British-occupied / Kingdom of EgyptEgypt · 1882 CE – 1953 CE
• Mahdist State (Mahdiyya)Sudan – Middle Nile · 1885 CE – 1899 CE
• Eritrea (Italian colony → independent)Ethiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 1890 CE – present
• Restored Darfur Sultanate (Ali Dinar)Sudan – Darfur & Kordofan · 1898 CE – 1916 CE
• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Condominium)Sudan – Middle Nile · 1899 CE – 1956 CE
• Southern Sudan under Condominium / SudanSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 1899 CE – 2011 CE
• French Chad → Republic of ChadChad & Central Sahara · 1900 CE – present
• Central African Republic (Ubangi-Shari)Central Africa (CAR/Congo border) · 1903 CE – present
• Republic of EgyptEgypt · 1953 CE – present
• Independent Sudan – First parliamentary periodSudan – Republic · 1956 CE – 1958 CE
• Abboud military regimeSudan – Republic · 1958 CE – 1964 CE
• Second parliamentary periodSudan – Republic · 1964 CE – 1969 CE
• Nimeiry era (Democratic Republic of Sudan)Sudan – Republic · 1969 CE – 1985 CE
• Derg & Federal EthiopiaEthiopia & Eritrea (Horn) · 1974 CE – present
• Transitional & third parliamentary periodSudan – Republic · 1985 CE – 1989 CE
• Al-Bashir / NCP (Ingaz) regimeSudan – Republic · 1989 CE – 2019 CE
• Republic of South SudanSouth Sudan – Upper Nile · 2011 CE – present
• December Revolution & transitionSudan – Republic · 2019 CE – 2023 CE
• War in Sudan (SAF vs RSF)Sudan – Republic · 2023 CE – present