Chapters › Condominium · Sudan – Middle Nile
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Condominium)
1899 CE – 1956 CE Arabic under review
Approximate area of control ≈ approximate
- OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899-06-19–1902), relation 2831546 link [low]
Sources: OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899-06-19–1902), relation 2831546; P.M. Holt & M.W. Daly (2011) A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day; IMWG / OCHA (2020) Sudan – Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB v03, valid 2020-08-31) - OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1902–1910-06-10), relation 2926749 link [low]
Sources: OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1902–1910-06-10), relation 2926749; P.M. Holt & M.W. Daly (2011) A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day; IMWG / OCHA (2020) Sudan – Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB v03, valid 2020-08-31) - OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1910-06-10–1912), relation 2961763 link [low]
Sources: OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1910-06-10–1912), relation 2961763; P.M. Holt & M.W. Daly (2011) A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day; IMWG / OCHA (2020) Sudan – Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB v03, valid 2020-08-31) - OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1912–1934), relation 2961762 link [low]
Sources: OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1912–1934), relation 2961762; P.M. Holt & M.W. Daly (2011) A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day; IMWG / OCHA (2020) Sudan – Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB v03, valid 2020-08-31) - OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1912–1934), relation 2961762 link [low]
- OpenHistoricalMap contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1934–1956-01-01), relation 2803203 link [low]
Key events
- Condominium Agreement 19 Jan 1899
- Gezira Scheme 1925
- Southern Policy
- Self-government 1953
Capitals / sites
Khartoum
Geopolitics
Declared a joint possession (condominium) of Britain and Egypt in January 1899 and in practice turned into a British colony; Egypt's parliament denounced the 1899 agreement on 15 Oct 1951 (BRE, Orlov).
Culture
Southern Policy developed the South separately: Islamic proselytising banned, Christian missions encouraged, English in mission schools while Arabic became the language of the North (GHA VIII pp.148–150).
Economy
Kitchener's railway reached Khartoum, was linked to the Red Sea in 1905 (Port Sudan and Atbara founded), extended to Sennar and reached Kordofan by 1911; a Sennar–Port Sudan line opened in 1924. Egyptian long-staple cotton; the Gezira Scheme irrigated via the Sennar dam; Gash zone; 1929 Nile waters convention (GHA VIII).
Regional power
- Britain: Research in progress BRE: de facto colony - qualitative
- Egypt: Research in progress unscored
Cross-language checks
- ru · partial · Англо-египетский Судан — название Судана в 1899–1951 (BRE_AES; BRE ends the name at Egypt's 1951 denunciation; main runs to independence)
Open data flags
- Pass 13 text: Arabic is a working translation; needs native review
- BRE: de facto colony - qualitative
- unscored
Sources
- В. В. Орлов (V.V. Orlov) Англо-египетский Судан (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan) Большая российская энциклопедия (Great Russian Encyclopedia) link [ru]
- A.A. Mazrui (ed.) General History of Africa VIII: Africa since 1935 – Sudan passages ('North Africa and the Horn', pp.148–150; economy and political-succession passages) UNESCO link [en]
- P.M. Holt & M.W. Daly (2011) A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day Routledge (Pearson/Longman) link [en]
- A.A. Abdussalam & F.S. Abusedra (Part II) (1985) The colonial economy: North Africa (General History of Africa VII, ch.17) UNESCO link [en]
- Wikipedia contributors Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Wikipedia link [en]